(Art) Michelangelo's ceiling in the Sistine Chapel Essay

(Art) Michelangelo's ceiling in the Sistine Chapel - Essay Example â€Å"In the same way that a painter could reduce the human form or settings to a play of geometrical figures, so could the merchant simplify all things to geometrical configurations† (Lemaitre & Lessing, 1993, p. 15). This common language forced artists to examine the world a bit more closely while also giving them the ability to display more realistic images that were better able to illustrate the natural world. This led to the development of numerous artistic techniques including linear perspective, chiaroscuro and foreshortening, different artistic mediums such as frescoes and new methods of working in often difficult places. These techniques, medium and need to overcome new challenges were all employed by Michelangelo in completing one of his most famous works, the Sistine Chapel. Before he could even begin painting, the first challenge Michelangelo had to overcome was reaching the ceiling itself. The architect of the ceiling project, Bramante, provided Michelangelo with some scaffolding that was suspended from the ceiling on ropes. â€Å"When Michelangelo saw it, he was convinced that Bramante was trying to discredit him in the eyes of the pope because he knew that when the scaffolding was removed it would leave holes in the ceiling and ruin the painting† (Marszalek & Panagakis, 2004). To avoid this problem, Michelangelo created his own scaffolding which was basically a flat wooden platform supported by brackets. These brackets were built out from the walls near the tops of the windows instead of hanging from the ceiling. They had the extra bonus of being reached via a series of zigzag ladders. With the scaffolding problem solved, the old ceiling was removed and a new coat of a special kind of plaster was applied to start the fresco process. This first layer of plaster, â€Å"called the arriccio, would be spread over the entire ceiling to a thickness of roughly three-quarters of an inch,

Greasy lake and the three immature teenagers Essay Example for Free

Greasy lake and the three immature teenagers Essay Greasy Lake by T. Coraghesan Boyle’s is the story of a group of adolescents, searching for the one situation that will proclaim them as bad boys and how their minds change. The greasy lake is a short story which the narrator uses details, imagination and language to describe and represent the moral condition of each character. Also, during the story the narrator shows us how each character becomes closer to maturity after facing a crazy and unexpected night in a local lake, where we are all witness to and extreme change in their lives causes by immature action. Three young men, who considered themselves bad, were out looking for trouble and excitement on their summer break. One of the most interesting things was the perception they had about being tough or being cool at the time. It is very interesting how the three young showed his toughness throwing eggs at the houses of their neighbors. They were acting irresponsibly, drinking too much alcohol and doing drugs, which caused errors in their decision. This was the way of thinking of the three young men â€Å"we wore torn-up leather jackets, slouched around with toothpicks in our mouths, sniffed glue†. The bad choices they made would somewhere along the line cause their fate to step in, but no one knew what is going to happen that night. The boys must face their reality of becoming responsible adult men. For example, whether someone chooses to be responsible and do their homework that kind of actions determines if the three young men are capable to be responsible. The actions the boys took and the words they said eventually determined their immaturity. â€Å"On this, the third night, we’d cruised the strip sixty-seven times, been in and out of every bar and club we could think of in a twenty –mile radius, stopped twice for bucket of chicken and forty-cent hamburgers, debated going to a party at the house of a girl Jeff’s sister knew, and chucked two dozen raw eggs at mailboxes and hitchhikers.† If they would have chosen to go to the party at Jeff’s sister’s friend’s house then none of the trouble at Greasy Lake would have happened. The whole scene is dark to begin with the irresponsible choice they made to drink alcohol ultimately affected the rest of their choices and  actions. Alcohol may have distorted their judgments, which may have lead them to believe they saw Tony Lovett’s car, causing them to honk, flash their bights and press their faces on his window on the wrong car. Alcohol also may have affected the narrator’s agility, causing him to drop his keys in the dark. These actions leave them unprepared, when they end up in trouble with a big greasy character, as they call him. They begin to fight and one of them hits the guy with tire iron on the head while the adrenaline starts to rise in each of them, begin tearing the clothes off the girl in the car when they try to abuse of the young girl, they are interrupted by another car, which was approach to the scene they believe the other car have seen them. They start running away from the scene to avoid getting caught. The three boys were fri ghtened by the consequences that can bring them for their immaturity acts. During the story at this point At this point the narrator is not bothered about his moms car, because he is now safe in the lake behind trees where no one could find him. Once the narrator continues to find a safe place he runs into something that looks like something strange emerges from the lake and realize that it is a body of a man. Then the narrator thinks its very scary evil character found in lake and lifeless. The narrator is very scared by what he discovered runs where his friends were. Very afraid the only thing you want is to get home and forget everything that happened that night. Finally find the car keys and see that everything is in perfect condition, but have a final approach with two young girls who ask if they have seen the friend, who have not seen since last night they stay silent without express what really wanted and they lie and say no. During that time the one of the girls offers them to go home and have fun drinking alcohol and use drugs. After that episode t he three young men begin to experience inner change, to say no and see that they are not as bad as they believed or they could be, and all they want is to leave everything bad that experienced last night and be able to do positive things for their lives. In brief, Coming of age seems to be a problem. When I first felt the teenagers as adults and to take very risk decision to grab the tires iron and after trying to rape a woman every wrong decision have their consequences. However, they are very willing to face the adult outcomes.  Perhaps the lesson here is do not try to grow too fast. The point of view is in first person, from the point of view of narrative and Teenagers. The environment plays a role in the story. Also, during the story the narrator shows us how each character becomes closer to maturity after facing a crazy and unexpected night in a local lake, where we are all witness to and extreme change in their lives causes by immature action.

Extraction of Blue Ice Area in Antarctica

Extraction of Blue Ice Area in Antarctica Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY High resolution satellite data has made it possible to obtain optimistic results in feature extraction processes. High resolution World-View-2 data is used for mapping blue ice areas (BIAs) in Antarctic regions. World-View-2 provides extensively high accuracy, agility, capacity and spectral diversity. First high-resolution 8-band multispectral commercial/business satellite is World-View-2 launched October 2009. Working at an elevation of 770 kilometres, World-View-2 gives 46cm panchromatic resolution and 1.85m multispectral resolution. World-View-2 has a normal revisit time of 1.1 days and it is able of catching up to 1 million square kilometres of 8-band imagery per day. Satellite pictures generally track seasonal annual variations in BIAs coverage over the past 30 year on the East Antarctic plateau region. In late studies, the distribution of BIAs can likewise mulled over from the SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images. In SAR satellite image, blue ice can likewise be outwardly perc eived. The amplitude of blue ice is less than that of snow (white), because the ice surface is smoother than the latter. Yet, distinction is not at all that conspicuous when applying Semi-automatic extraction approach. Blue ice can be distinguished effortlessly in the coherence map got from two SAR pictures in a view of higher coherence of blue ice. It is additionally found that the picture texture data is useful for distinguishing various types of blue ice like rough, smooth and level blue ice. In this study, Atmospheric corrected (QUAC) sharpen calibrated image (World-View-2 data) is used for extracting blue ice areas in Schirmacher Oasis in Antarctic region. Extraction of blue ice area in Antarctica deal with the total area of blue ice areas excluding the other feature (non-target) appearing on or near it. Blue ice areas have some specific qualities that make them of special interest for extraction as they are just 1% of Antarctic region. Many remote sensing approaches have been implemented to monitor and map Antarctic BIAs. 3.1 Methodology Protocol The extraction of blue ice areas is simplified by the Methodology protocol. As the whole image takes time for processing, as Schirmacher Oasis is with an area of 34km ², ranks among the smallestAntarctic oasis and is a typicalpolar desert, so the image is divided in 12 test tiles of different parts of entire World-View-2 image to achieve prior results. Atmospheric correction is done with QUAC (quick atmospheric correction) method to obtain better results. Atmospheric correction to each tile added suitable outputs results to workflow. Calibrated data is also used without applying atmospheric correction to it. Multiband image combination was made from atmospheric corrected data and calibrated data of the study area. Alternating snow and blue ice bands surface patterns are generally found in East Antarctica due to which it is hard task to clearly extract BIAs. For feature extraction processes region of interest (ROI) is considered in which blue ice is target and white ice appearing on or near the blue ice is considered as non-target. Methodology workflow is prepared in order to achieve good and prior results comparing with the previous studies. Extraction of blue ice is not that easy task as dust and white snow appears on it as non-target. Various Semi-automatic extraction methods like TERCAT, Target Detection Wizard, Mapping Methods, Spectral Matching and Object Base Image Analysis (OBIA) are used for extracting blue ice areas in Antarctica. The initial results obtained were good but not better enough to keep them prior. Many trials were carried out for extracting blue ice in Antarctica. Prior results were kept in workflow of methodology to compare them with every trial results. Object based and Pixel based both the classification are used in workflow to get good results. From the High resolution World-View-2 data reference data (digitized data) was prepared for blue ice area and extracted blue ice area was obtained from Semi-automatic extraction methods and OBIA. From the extracted blue ice, blue ice is considered as target and white snow appearing on it as non-target. Comparing reference data and extracted data Bias, % Bias and RMSE values were calculated. After that Average for Bias, % Bias and RMSE values is estimated. BIAS= % BIAS= RMSE= Where, Ref A is Reference area and Ext A is Extracted area n= no. of tiles processed. 3.2 Semi-automatic extraction methods The semi-automatic feature extraction approach intuitively makes endeavours to commonly empowering the insight or data of human perception framework to robustly detect the targeted feature and the computer-aided system to bring fast extraction of targeted feature and exact shape representation. In semiautomatic feature extraction strategy, first target feature is detected by human vision and a couple of estimates in terms of seed points or coaching samples concerning the targeted feature on highlight are typically given. The targeted feature is then portrayed automatically by the PC helped calculations. 3.2.1 TERCAT approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] The Terrain Categorization (TERCAT) tool creates an output product in which pixels with similar spectral properties are clumped into categories. These categories may be either user-defined, or automatically generated by the classification algorithm. The TERCAT tool provides all of the standard ENVI classification algorithms, plus an additional algorithm called Winner Takes All. This is a voting method that classifies pixels based on the majority compiled from all of the other classification methods that were conducted. In this research, the sub approaches for TERCAT are Maximum Likelihood, Spectral Angle Mapper, Parallelepiped and Winner Takes All. 3.2.2 Target Detection approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] Target detection algorithms work on the principle of extracting target features based on spectral characteristic of initial coaching spectral signatures of target features, and performing end to the background noise using spectral signatures of non-target features. If the users knows that the image contains at least one target of interest, the wizard can be used to find other targets like it in the same image. The workflow can also be accessed programmatically, so the user can customize options if needed. Target detection tools (ENVI 5.1) were executed to perform supervised image processing tasks into workflows (CEM, ACE, OSP, TCIMF, and MT-TCIMF) to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) as target and white ice as non-target. 3.2.3 Spectral Matching approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] Spectral matching approaches extract the target features that are described in multispectral imagery based on the target feature’s spectral characteristics. Spectral matching algorithms confirm the spectral similarity or matching between input satellite imagery and reference key points to form an output product within which pixels with similar spectral properties are clumped into target and non-target categories. Spectral Matching (ENVI 5.1) were executed to perform supervised image processing tasks into workflows (MF, SAM, MTMF and SAMBM) to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) as target and white ice as non-target. 3.2.4 Mapping Methods approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] Selected hyperspectral Mapping Methods describes advanced concepts and procedures for analyzing imaging spectrometer data or hyperspectral images. Spectral Information Divergence (SID) is a spectral classification method that uses a divergence measure to match pixels to reference spectra. The smaller the divergence, the more likely the pixels are similar. Pixels with a measurement greater than the specified maximum divergence threshold are not classified. End member spectra used by SID can come from ASCII files or spectral libraries, or you can extract them directly from an image (as ROI average spectra). Mapping Methods (ENVI 5.1) were executed to perform supervised image processing tasks into workflows [SID SV (0.05), SID SV (0.07), SID SV (0.1), SID MV (0.05) and SID MV (0.09)] to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) as target and white ice as non-target. 3.2.5 Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) approach (Ecognition Developer Help) [34] Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA), is an advanced method used to segment a pixel based image into map objects that can then be classified as a whole. This kind of analysis is ideal for mapping with high-resolution imagery, where a single feature (such as a tree) might have several different shades of pixels. The example of rule-set for Trial 1, 2, 3 and 4 for extracting blue ice areas in this research is stated below; For Trial 1: 02.063 50 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=50 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=50 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) For Trial 2: 02.063 60 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=100 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=100 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) For Trial 3: 02.063 70 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=150 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=150 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) For Trial 4: 02.063 80 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=200 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=200 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) The on-top rule-set is employed to extract blue ice areas as well as non-target depending on their mean band values. OBIA is making considerable progress towards spatially explicit information extraction advancement, such as is required for spatial planning as well as for many monitoring programmes. The Semi-automatic extraction strategies and OBIA utilized in this study to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) are supported differently on different underlying principles. To compare these strategies objectively, we kept the input ROIs (regions of interest or coaching samples) constant for all methods for each tile. ROIs are different for different tiles as the area differs. After classifying the image into target spectra, i.e., blue ice areas, using the Semi-automatic extraction methods and OBIA approaches, the 12 semi-automatically extracted tiles (for BIAs) were vectorized to calculate the area of individual tile.

Essay --

K-pop, also known as Korean Pop Music, is a musical genre containing electronic, hip hop, pop, rock and R&B music originating from South Korea. K-pop started in the early 1990s and grew from a musical genre into a subculture among teenagers and adults throughout East and Southeast Asia in the late 2000s. In 1957, American music started influencing Korean Music which led to many comparing the two genres together. Ever since Korean artist Psy has taken the world by storm with his single "Gangnam Style", K-pop is becoming more globally recognized. Many people are new to the genre K-pop and try to compare it to American pop music. Although there are some similarities, there are major differences between the two. K-pop is often critique for misusing English words in its lyrics and having meaningless song titles. Many k-pop songs have simple and repetitive lyrics that make little to no grammatical sense. K-pop also throws in a lot of English phrases into their songs and sometimes it is misused causing parts of the song to not make sense. My interviewee, Tina, played a few k-pop songs that had English phrases in it that didn’t make much sense. One of the songs was â€Å"Mama† by Exo. There was a phrase in the song that went â€Å"Careless, careless. Shoot anonymous, anonymous. Heartless, mindless. No one. Who care about me?† and I had no idea what this meant. When I first listened to it, I thought it was silly and random but the next day after the interview, I found myself singing the lyrics to the song. Tina was telling me this is the power of k-pop. Even though the lyrics and English phrases don’t make sense, the beat is catchy enough to make you sing along to it. â€Å"Another song I didn’t like when I first listened to was Bar Bar Bar by Crayon Po... .... The song â€Å"Swagger Jagger† is about somebody who steals somebody else’s style. I found the lyrics kind of full of herself and very self-centered because she think people are stealing her style and declaring hate on them. While Crayon Pop’s song was about inspiring people to have fun. The lyrics to â€Å"Swagger Jagger† were somewhat sending a message to all her haters who stole her unique style I don’t think this song sends a good message because it’s essentially telling people it’s alright to hate. There was no real choreography during the entire concert. She just walked back and forth around the stage. There were times when she would start jumping to get the crowd hyped up and shook people’s hand but there was no real dancing throughout the concert. I was not into the performances as much as I was with Crayon Pop. The music was good but it wasn’t as fun and enjoyable.

Noninvasive Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Guided Focused Ultrasound (FUS) Treatment for Breast Cancer

Magnetic resonance imaging guided focused ultrasound is completely noninvasive treatment for breast cancer which requires less anesthesia, recovery time and could avoid infections, scar formation and possibly reduce cost. It is the method of choice for accurate delimitation of many breast tumors, it can noninvasively measure ultrasound induced temperature. The combination of MRI and FUS concurrently allow the delineation of tumors margins (American cancer society). The MRI guided FUS system consist of a supply of unit for radio frequency conditioning, driving hydraulics, the cooling and fluidic system, MR- compatible ,ultrasound applicator, comprising a therapeutic ultra sound transducer with a hydraulically driven positioning system and coil for MRI within the MR- scanner and computer for therapy planning , MRI –based temperature monitoring and MRI. The MRI guided FUS objective is to compute an optimize beam pattern that covers the targeted area in such a way that the multiple focal ultrasound volumes are packed till the whole target volume are treated (American cancer society).Dying of Breast Cancer in the 1800s According to American cancer journal 1931-1940, during the MRI planning and FUS therapy, the breast is placed on the transparent window surrounded by the MRI coil. To optimize the ultrasound beam angle, the sonication window is adjusted around the vertical axis through the center of the breast. Acoustic coupling is mediated by ultrasound jelly and water. The ultrasound wave are focused through the intact skin and resulted in the localized tissue ablation at a maximum temperature of 70 degree centigrade (www. cancer . org). Thus, nurses should teach the patient that MRI guided FUS therapy is safe and effective, with no side effect. It reduces the chance of anesthesia usage, infection, scar formation, recovery time and it is also very cheap. Effective teaching about the therapy will reduce agitation, depression, fear and signs and symptoms. As nurses we should also emotionally support these patients, this will give them more hope and strength to fight this ill disease. References : Noninvasive of Breast Cancer Therapy, the journal of Cancer Research (1916-30), the American journal of cancer (1931-40). Retrieve from http://www. cancer . org American Cancer Society, Retrieve from http://www. cancer . org

Ethics of eating meat Essays

Ethics of eating meat Essays Ethics of eating meat Essay Ethics of eating meat Essay Essay Topic: Vegetarian Have you of all time wondered why people become vegetarians? Peoples who are vegetarians choose to go so for a broad assortment of grounds. Bing a vegetarian has become a popular and voguish during the past few decennaries. However. harmonizing to Alan Beardsworth and Alan Bryman writers of Meat Consumption and Meat Avoidance Among Young Peoples: An 11-year Longitudinal Study. people have started to eat more meat instead than avoid it. Whether vegetarianism is on the rise or non. it is interesting to detect what drives a individual to take a vegetarian life style. John Lawrence Hill. professor of jurisprudence at St. Thomas University. School of Law. and writer of The Case for Vegetarianism. holds that about nine million Americans are vegetarians. which is about four per centum of the full population of the United States. Reasons for why people of this group go vegetarians include wellness. non wishing the gustatory sensation of meat. compassion for animate beings. and spiritual grounds. Harmonizing to Karen Iacobbo. professor at Johnson and Wales University. and Michael Iacobbo. a journalist for the Associated Press and the Providence Pheonix. who are both the writers of Vegetarians and Vegans in America Today. people even become vegetarians in order to stop universe hungriness. When people decide to go vegetarians. they are normally motivated by a individual ground. Iacobbo goes on to state that the individual who decided to go a vegetarian normally adds other grounds why they became one ( Iacobbo ) . I think this is true. because one thing might eventually convert person to go a vegetarian. but as they learn more about vegetarianism and run into other vegetarians. their ground for going a vegetarian will go many grounds. In their book. Karen and Michael Iacobbo include a study taken by the Vegetarian Times in 1992 that stated that the bulk of people become vegetarians for wellness grounds. followed by ethical. spiritual. environmental. and other reasons ( 74 ) . Conversely. Hill points out that 67 per centum of people who become vegetarians did so because of carnal agony concerns. followed by 38 per centum who were concerned with wellness. Either manner. wellness and animate being agony are the two largest concerns for people who decide to go vegetarians. Merely four per centum of the full United States is vegetarian? This truly is non much of the population at all. If vegetarianism was so much better for you than being an omnivore. shouldn’t the figure be much greater? If it is so easy to go a vegetarian. wouldn’t at that place be more people change overing? The reply should be yes. but why is this non the instance? Those against the thought of going vegetarians have the replies. They claim that vegetarianism is non every bit healthy as it claims to be. Peoples choose non to go vegetarians so that they can acquire all the vitamins that are indispensable for healthy life. because they are pregnant. or so that they can maintain a healthy bone denseness. All these grounds are to advance wellness. It is interesting to larn that most people become vegetarians for wellness grounds. while most people say they stay omnivores for wellness grounds excessively. Additionally. people are meat-eaters because it is inconvenient to be a vegetarian. It can be really hard for people who are accustomed to eating meat their whole life to do the switch to vegetarianism. Another ground people do non desire to be vegetarians is so they do non hold to cover with societal state of affairss that may originate because they are vegetarians. In this explorative research paper I aim to larn the grounds why people choose or choose non to be vegetarians and to explicate both sides of the vegetarian/anti-vegetarian statement. Health grounds are a major factor that makes people want to go vegetarians. Iacobbo claims that surveies show that a vegetarian diet can assist forestall or change by reversal arthritis. diabetes. bosom disease. and malignant neoplastic disease. Prevention or reversal of diseases and malignant neoplastic disease are great. sensible. and productive grounds to go a vegetarian. Suzanne Havala Hobbs. D. Ph. . RD. clinical helper professor at the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. tells us sticking to a vegetarian diet can be challenging†¦ especially†¦ if your motive for traveling vegetarian is health ( qtd. in Iacobbo 74 ) . Becoming a vegetarian is hard plenty. and if person doesn’t feel like they are doing a difference or experience like they have a strong adequate motive. he or she is likely to neglect. An interesting quotation mark that I found in my research is the fat you eat is the fat you wear. as stated by John McDougall. MD. ( qtd. in Iacobbo 75 ) . In other words. eating meat is seemingly an unhealthy diet and makes you fat. So. in order to non acquire fat. people become vegetarians because that diet is lower in fat. Harmonizing to Iacobbo’s book. Neal Bernard and his Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine have done surveies that demonstrate that a vegan diet can ensue in a reversal of disease. His survey is really important because a diet without meat that can change by reversal disease is singular. More people should desire to go vegetarians merely because of surveies like this. Some people choose to be vegetarians because they dislike the gustatory sensation of meat. Harmonizing to Hill. twelve per centum of vegetarians are so because they do non like the gustatory sensation of meat. This statement for going a vegetarian is rather simple because if a individual does non like meat. they will non eat it. Meat-eaters can non reason with the disfavor of meat because it is merely personal penchant. I do non truly understand why people dislike meat though. Possibly they have neer had meat cooked right so that it tastes delightful. Possibly they have grown up most of their life without eating meat. and after they taste it. it’s merely different from what they are used to. In any state of affairs. you can’t truly change someone’s head to non be a vegetarian if they merely don’t like the gustatory sensation of meat. Although some don’t like the gustatory sensation of eating meat. some are wholly against it for the animals’ interests. Animal inhuman treatment and mill agriculture are two of the most popular grounds for going a vegetarian. Factory agriculture is a system of large-scale industrialized and intensive agribusiness that is focused on net income with animate beings kept indoors and restricted in mobility ( Dictionary. com ) . Hill claims that mill farms do non care about the animals’ life conditions ; all mill farms care about is the net income they make off the animate beings they sell. Because there are topographic points like mill farms. taking meat can present a job for mundane omnivores. An interesting quotation mark I came upon during my geographic expeditions was a quotation mark about taking to eat meat: if you eat meat today. your typical pick is between animate beings raised with either more ( poulet. Meleagris gallopavo. fish. and porc ) or less ( beef ) cruelty ( Foer 243 ) . I thought this quotation mark was valuable because it explicitly states that there is no good manner to take meat. Any type of meat you could take is bad because the animate beings were treated awfully. Foer besides mentions that contributing to the agony of one million millions of animate beings that live suffering lives and ( rather frequently ) die in hideous ways is a great influence to possible vegetarians ( 243 ) . Foer puts it rather obviously that the meat we eat every twenty-four hours comes from animate beings who were treated in cruel ways. Peoples sometimes choose non to eat meat because they care about the manner animate beings are treated before and at the clip of decease. Peoples don’t merely become vegetarians for experiencing sorry for animate beings. Some people have to be vegetarians because of their faith. Iacobbo states that for 1000s of old ages. vegetarianism has been practiced for such faiths as Judaism. Christianity. Catholicism. Seventh Day Adventism. Mormonism. and Paganism. Harmonizing to Hill. vegetarianism is besides customary in Hinayana Buddhism. Hill goes on to province that Hinduism is known for its rigorous attachment to vegetarianism†¦ ( 32 ) . So. vegetarian is inordinately popular throughout many faiths all over the universe. Although some people like to be vegetarians for assorted other grounds. these spiritual people are required or suggested to be because of their faiths. It is absolutely apprehensible for people to believe that they should be vegetarians because their faith requires them to be. Surprisingly to some. people sometimes choose to go vegetarians in order to assist stop universe hungriness. This ground for going vegetarian was surprising to me because I had neer heard of this ground before prosecuting in my research. Hill states that the job is that a 3rd of the world’s grain crop is used to feed farm animal. but about a billion people in the universe are malnourished. He so proposes that the solution to this job is to make over the system to better utilize the resources to assist eliminate universe hungriness. An nameless author in Hill’s book calls this abuse of the resources unfair distribution and provinces that if everyone†¦ became a vegetarian. it would be possible to give four dozenss of comestible grain to every starvation person ( qtd. in Hill 128 ) . So. the less meat people eat. the more grains there are for the remainder of the universe to eat. If the cattles. hogs. and chickens don’t eat those grains. it gives more to the people who truly necessitate it. Basically. if the universe were comprised of vegetarians. people would non endure from famishment. Meat feeding has been practiced for 1000s and 1000s of old ages. This alone for some is ground adequate for being omnivorous. There are besides other grounds to be a meat-eater though. Some of them are being pregnant. being a babe or yearling. acquiring all the vitamins and minerals necessary for a healthy life. incommodiousness of being a vegetarian. and to avoid societal state of affairss and covering with one’s vegetarianism. A big part of today’s vegetarians is adult females. Womans who are vegetarians or adult females who might desire to go vegetarians might make up ones mind to non be vegetarians for their gestation. Harmonizing to Nina Planck. writer of Real Food: What to Eat and Why. a adult female who was anticipating stated that before she became pregnant. she [ †¦ ] concluded that a vegan gestation was irresponsible. You can non make and nurture a robust babe simply on nutrients from workss. Planck goes on to province that vegetarians who have babes that they would wish to be vegetarians sometimes allow the babes to eat a non-vegan diet. She besides argues that chest milk is the best nutriment for babes. She adds that sometimes vegans try to utilize soya milk as a replacing for chest milk. but that soymilk stunts growing and besides decreases the soaking up of protein and minerals. I agree that chest milk is the best beginning of foods for babes. Womans were designed to do the milk for the babes to imbibe. so it should be the ideal nutriment for the babes. In add-on. Boards claims that a vegan diet is every bit unsafe for weaned babes and yearlings. who need plentifulness of protein and Ca. From her statements we can infer that for babes to hold a vegetarian diet is unhealthy because they will non acquire adequate protein. and will stop up unhealthy. In summing up. babes need to be omnivorous or at least be able to eat dairy merchandises in order to hold the healthiest life style. Babies are non the lone 1s that need all their foods. Many people choose to be omnivores in order to acquire all the vitamins and foods they need. Harmonizing to the article To Meat or Not to Eat. cutting out meat does non needfully intend being healthy. [ †¦ ] Kids besides could be cutting out cardinal foods. particularly if they go vegan. A vegetarian diet could be detrimental by itself. and I surely agree that it could be even worse for immature grownups to be vegan. Winston J. Craig of the Department of Nutrition and Wellness at Andrews University declares that diets without eggs. fish. or seaweed do non hold n-3 fatty acids that help with the cardiovascular system. Vegans do non eat eggs or fish. so they are likely to hold more jobs with their bosom since these nutrients are non in their diet. Craig states that vegetarians and particularly vegans have lower blood concentrations of n-3 fatty acids compared to meat feeders. Craig’s article includes an EPIC-Oxford survey. in which it was observed that vegans have a one-fourth of the sum of vitamin D that non-vegetarians have. Penney explains that Vitamin D enables our organic structures to utilize Ca. Without sufficient vitamin D. people will non be able to absorb and utilize the Ca they may or may non intake. Penney subsequently adds that Ca is of import for people to absorb for bone mass. Craig claims vegans tend to hold lower concentrations of vitamin B-12. hence making vitamin B-12 lacks. So vegans will be given to hold more vitamin B-12 lacks than non-vegans or non-vegetarians. Craig besides argues that vegetarians have low consumptions of Ca because of their diets. As Craig explains. a vitamin B-12 lack creates neurological and psychiatric complications. He adds that vegetarians consume less Zn than non-vegetarians. but grounds for this being a job is missing. However. some people are likely to non go vegetarians anyhow so that if a lower consumption of Zn turns out to be a job. they will non hold to worry. So. people are likely non to take a vegetarian diet in order to derive all the n-3 fatty acids. vitamin D. vitamin B-12. and zinc their organic structures require. Harmonizing to Hill. the incommodiousness of being a vegetarian is the most of import ground. as a practical affair. that many people do non go vegetarians ( 154 ) . Hill states that 27 per centum of vegetarians found non eating meat really hard to make. Hill understands why vegetarianism can be hard to follow. saying that eating meat is easier. more gratifying. and more convenient than eating a vegetarian diet. He calls get downing a vegetarian diet downright burdensome. So even harmonizing to a vegetarian. get downing vegetarianism can be a hard undertaking to set about. Non-vegetarians may make up ones mind to remain vegetarians for societal grounds. A common belief among meat-eaters is. harmonizing to Hill. if they become a vegetarian. they will become a anchorite. a hermit. or societal outcast ( 155 ) . Confronting state of affairss where people have to acknowledge to being a vegetarian can halt people from going vegetarians wholly. Hill adds that it is particularly a popular determination to remain omnivorous if the individual has to travel to many excursions at eating houses with clients or concern spouses. They may experience ashamed or shy to acknowledge that they are vegetarians. so they will merely remain meat feeders alternatively. An interesting spot of information that I found during my research was a list of noteworthy people who were vegetarians. Hill lists them ; they are people such as Leonardo district attorney Vinci. Isaac Newton. Voltaire. Benjamin Franklin. Henry David Thoreau. Leo Tolstoy. Thomas Edison. George Bernard Shaw. Albert Schweitzer. and Mahatma Gandhi ( xiv ) . Besides mentioned by Hill as vegetarians were ancient philosophers and authors such as Socrates. the male parent of ancient rationalism and humanitarianism ; Plato ; and Ovid ( xiv ) . When I read these names. it made me experience like I should go a vegetarian excessively because these people are such astonishing people in history. and going a vegetarian would do me experience like I am more noteworthy like them. If some of the biggest names in history were vegetarians. shouldn’t we take note and go vegetarians as good? Possibly. But I don’t think that I could of all time give up my meat for good. Bing a vegetarian means to give up all meat. and to non eat it systematically. Vegetarians may take to be so because of wellness grounds or for concerns for the intervention of animate beings. They may make up ones mind to take up vegetarianism to assist stop universe hungriness or for their faith. More merely. some people become vegetarians because they merely don’t like the gustatory sensation of meat. However. non-vegetarians decide against vegetarianism for wellness grounds as good. It may be safer and healthier for pregnant female parents to be omnivores and for their babes or yearlings to be omnivores as good. Many people choose to remain omnivores because they would wish to obtain all the vitamins a diet with meat brings. Others may be meat-eaters because it is inconvenient to be a vegetarian or to avoid societal state of affairss they don’t wish to face. After my research. I have concerns if vegetarians take vitamin addendums to provide all the vitamins they would acquire if they ate meat. if they are every bit effectual as the meat. I besides wonder if vegetarianism became more successful. how would a widespread engagement in vegetarianism affect the economic system of the United States? And eventually. how do vegetarians experience about the familial use of harvests? Plants Cited Anti-Vegetarian T-Shirt 156790. N. d. JPEG. Eshirts. com. 7 Oct. 2011. Web. Beardsworth. Alan. and Alan Bryman. Meat Consumption and Meat Avoidance Among Young Peoples: An 11-year Longitudinal Study. British Food Journal 106. 4 ( 2004 ) . 14 Oct. 2011. Web. Criag. Winston J. Health Effectss of Vegan Diets. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89. 5 ( May 2009 ) . 14 Oct. 2011. Web. Factory Farming. Dictionary. com’s twenty-first Century Lexicon. Dictionary. com. LLC. 09 Nov. 2011. Web. Foer. Jonathan Safran. Eating Animals. New York: Small. Brown. and Company. 2009. Print. Hill. John Lawrence. The Case for Vegetarianism. Maryland: Rowman A ; Littlefield Publishers. Inc. . 1996. Print. Iacobbo Karen. and Michael Iacobbo. Vegetarians and Vegans in America Today. Connecticut: Praeger. 2006. Print. Penney. Debra S. Nutritional Counseling for Vegetarians During Pregnancy and Lactation. SciVerse: Science Direct 53. 1 ( Jan. – Feb. 2008 ) : 31 Oct. 2011. Web. Planck. Nina. Death by Veganism. New York Times 21 May 2007. 31 October 2011. Web. Protein? N. d. JPEG. Vegetarian Fighters. 7 Oct. 2011. Web. To Meat or Not to Meat. Current Events 108. 16 ( 2009 ) : 7. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. 14 Oct. 2011. Web.